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Articles

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Les neurosciences de l'éducation au service du grand public

The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Programs on Fibromyalgia Patients’ Quality of Life - A Meta-Analysis

  • Déborah Maret
  • Katharina Ledermann
DOI
https://doi.org/10.26034/cortica.2025.7025
Soumise
mars 7, 2025
Publié-e
2025-03-21

Résumé

Cette étude évalue l'efficacité des programmes de réduction du stress basée sur la pleine conscience (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, MBSR) sur l'amélioration de la qualité de vie des patients atteints de fibromyalgie. Une méta-analyse a été réalisée pour évaluer la qualité de vie des patients immédiatement après le traitement, suivie d'un examen des données descriptives pour observer les effets potentiels à long terme de l'intervention. Conformément aux directives PRISMA, une recherche systématique a été effectuée en novembre 2023 dans PubMed, PsycInfo, Ovid-Medline et MEDLINE-EBSCO afin d'identifier les essais contrôlés randomisés et non randomisés comparant les programmes MBSR à des conditions de contrôle. Le principal critère d'évaluation était la qualité de vie, mesurée après l'intervention et au cours du suivi. Les différences moyennes standardisées (SMD) et les intervalles de confiance (CI) ont été extraits et calculés. Huit études ont été incluses dans la méta-analyse, dont cinq ont fourni des données sur les effets à long terme de la MBSR. La méta-analyse a révélé un effet significatif faible à moyen de la MBSR sur la qualité de vie (SMD = 0,38 ; 95 % CI 0,23 à 0,53 ; p < 0,0001). Toutefois, le risque global de biais était élevé, seules deux études ayant été classées comme présentant un faible risque de biais. Aucune preuve concluante concernant les effets à long terme n'a été trouvée, bien qu'une tendance générale à la diminution de l'efficacité de la MBSR au fil du temps ait été observée. La MBSR est un traitement efficace pour améliorer la qualité de vie des patients atteints de fibromyalgie, en particulier à court terme. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour évaluer l'efficacité à long terme de la MBSR et pour remédier au risque de biais dans les études existantes.

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