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Articles

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): De l'élagage synaptique aux neurosciences de l'éducation

Salience and executive network connectivity analyses in schizophrenia during emotional memory tasks

DOI
https://doi.org/10.26034/cortica.2025.8569
Soumise
septembre 18, 2025
Publié-e
2025-12-15

Résumé

Context: Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder which affects 1% of the population (Morera-Fumero & Abreu-Gonzalez, 2013; Schultz et al., 2007). There are two kinds of symptoms from DSM-5-TR: Positive symptoms (hallucination, delusion, thought disorder and abnormal or grossly disorganized motor behaviour) and negative symptoms that are a diminution of normal behavioural functions. The DSM-5-TR say that there are 2 negative symptoms preeminent in schizophrenia, aboulia and decrease of emotional expression. However, schizophrenia is also marked by cognitive symptoms in 98% of the population with this disorder (Keefe et al., 2005). Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate emotional memory in schizophrenia and identify the underlying dysconnectivity patterns.

Method: 70 participants (34 women and 36 men) were recruited, 35 suffer from schizophrenia (17 women and 18 men) and 35 are healthy control people (17 women and 18 men). Severity of symptoms was evaluated with the BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) and PANSS (Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale). Then, all participants passed an fMRI during the following task: Participants had to observe 12 blocks of 10 images from the IAPS battery during two sessions, Emotion and memory. There are five kinds of image content according to the salience and the emotional valence: High Arousal with negative content (HA-), Low Arousal with negative content (LA-), Neutral (NTR), Low arousal with positive content (LA+) and High Arousal with positive content (HA+). In the first phase, all participants started with the “emotional session”. The participants had to passively observe images from the IAPS. In the second session, the “memory session”, 50% of images were changed by others and the participants had to press a button if they think that they had already seen the image in front of him in the previous session or not.

Results: During the task, the healthy control group had a significantly better correct response rate than people with schizophrenia. In functional analysis, several circuits showing dysconnectivity in schizophrenia during tasks involving both emotion and memory were identified. During the emotion phase, overconnectivity was primarily observed between salience network and visual areas, whereas underconnectivity mainly affected frontal and limbic regions. A similar pattern emerged in the memory phase, with overconnectivity between sensory and frontal areas, while underconnectivity was more pronounced in the salience network, limbic system, and sensory areas.

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