Victimes de violence : notre cerveau, allié ou ennemi ?

Abstract

Violence, whether physical, psychological, or social, has a profound impact on the brain and individual development. This article explores the neurobiological effects of trauma, highlighting the role of stress and the limbic system in responding to traumatic events. Through a historical and scientific analysis, it is demonstrated that chronic stress and experiences of violence can cause alterations in memory, cognitive functions, and behavior. The PRESENCE model, which structures neuroscience contributions to learning support, is applied to better understand resilience mechanisms. Drawing on research in neuroplasticity, epigenetics, and developmental psychology, the study emphasizes educational and therapeutic strategies that support individuals recovering from trauma. Results indicate that psychoeducational and therapeutic interventions, such as neurofeedback, music therapy, and immersive exposure therapy, have a positive impact on emotional regulation and the resilience capacity of affected individuals. Special focus is placed on the role of teachers and psychoeducational approaches in supporting young people exposed to violence.