Cortica explique-moi
Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Cortica II : Remue-méninges de la santé mentale
Learning & memory : Neurosciences perspectives
- Julia Pointet
- Cherine Fahim Fahmy
Résumé
Learning is the process of acquiring new or modifyingexisting knowledge, skills, behaviors or preferences (Schachter et al., 2012; Schachter, 2022)
Memory is the faculty of encoding, storing and retreiving information (Milner,Squire & Kandel, 1998)
In essence, the brain is a hugely complex, nonlinear neural network, surprisingly plastic and sustains our amazing capability for learning from experience and adapting to new situations. It is widely believed that such learning is implemented by synaptic plasticity mechanisms that change synaptic weights as a function of joint pre- and postsynaptic activity (Kandel, 2001; Denève et al., 2017).
Références
- Denève, S., Alemi, A., & Bourdoukan, R. (2017). The Brain as an Efficient and Robust Adaptive Learner. Neuron, 94(5), 969–977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.016
- Kandel E. R. (2001). The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialogue between genes and synapses. Science (New York, N.Y.), 294(5544), 1030–1038. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1067020
- Milner, B., Squire, L. R., & Kandel, E. R. (1998). Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory. Neuron, 20(3), 445–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80987-3
- Schacter D. L. (2012). Constructive memory: past and future. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 14(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2012.14.1/dschacter
- Schacter, D. L., Addis, D. R., Hassabis, D., Martin, V. C., Spreng, R. N., & Szpunar, K. K. (2012). The future of memory: remembering, imagining, and the brain. Neuron, 76(4), 677–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.11.001
- Schacter D. L. (2022). The seven sins of memory: an update. Memory (Hove, England), 30(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391
