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Cortica

Articles

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Cortica II : Remue-méninges de la santé mentale

Quel profil pour les hospitalisations non volontaires en psychiatrie ?

  • Oana Diringer
DOI
https://doi.org/10.26034/cortica.2022.3135
Soumise
August 26, 2022
Publié-e
2022-09-20

Résumé

La psychiatrie a une place à part parmi les spécialités médicales concernant les hospitalisations contre la volonté du patient.  Jusqu’en 2012 il s’agissait de privation de liberté à de fin d’assistance. A partir du 1.01.2013 un nouveau Code Civil a été adopté en Suisse. Les articles 426 à 429 mettent en place le placement à des fins d’assistance (PAFA), une mesure de protection pour la personne. Notre étude rétrospective du 2014-2016 a comme objectives (1) d’amener des connaissances de certains paramètres expliquant les hospitalisations non volontaires ; (2) de répondre à la question : Pouvons-nous considérer ce type d’hospitalisation comme une expérience clinique ? Les résultats principaux démontrent : Deux facteurs étaient significatifs à un niveau de valeur p ≤ 0,05 : (a) Vivre dans un établissement d'accueil (foyer), augmente la probabilité d'avoir un PAFA (p = 0,04) ; (b) Le fait d'être diagnostiqué comme ayant des troubles psychotiques, liés à des substances psychoactives augmente la probabilité d'avoir du PAFA (p = 0,01). Trois facteurs supplémentaires sont significatifs : être un homme (p = 0,0655) et vivre seul (p = 0,05) augmente la probabilité d'avoir un PAFA, cependant la variable âge (p = 0,03) diminue la probabilité d'avoir un PAFA (ce qui signifie que plus vous êtes âgé, plus la probabilité d'avoir un PAFA est faible). Les hospitalisations sous contrainte trouvent une place d'exception dans le champ médical de la psychiatrie. Et pourtant ne sont pas une fatalité. Les implications éthiques, légaux, cliniques qui sont lies aux hospitalisations non volontaires amènent une lumière particulière à ce type de prise en charge psychiatrique.

 

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