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Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Cortica II : Remue-méninges de la santé mentale

Différences entre les sexes et densités de matière grise et blanche basées sur les symptômes dans la schizophrénie

DOI
https://doi.org/10.26034/cortica.2022.3137
Soumise
August 29, 2022
Publié-e
2022-09-20

Résumé

Nous avons étudié l’association entre les phénotypes des densités dans matière grise (GMD) et de la substance blanche (WMD) et les symptômes positifs (PS) et négatifs (NS) chez 40 patients schizophrènes (SZ). Les densités cérébrales ont été comparées à 41 témoins normaux (NC) appariés pour l’âge et le sexe en utilisant la morphométrie à base de voxel sur d’images IRM T1-3T. Nous avons constaté une diminution de la GMD dans le gyri cingulaire-temporal antérieur et une augmentation de la GMD dans le gyrus cingulaire postérieur en SZ par rapport à NC. Une réduction des WMD a été observée dans les régions frontal inferieur et pariétales postérieures chez le SZ par rapport à la NC. La GMD dans l’insula/caudate était corrélée avec le PS, tandis que la GMD dans le gyrus frontal moyen et le cervelet étaient en corrélation avec la NS. Le WMD dans les régions frontales moyennes et frontales supérieures étaient corrélées avec le PS et le NS respectivement. Des corrélations inverses ont été trouvées entre la GMD dans le lobe pariétal et la vermis avec PS. Une corrélation inverse a été trouvée entre la GMD dans le cervelet et la NS. Une corrélation inverse a également été trouvée dans les WMD de la région occipitale et des régions frontales supérieures avec PS et NS respectivement. La comparaison entre les groupes hommes a révélé une diminution du GMD total chez les patients hommes, tandis qu’aucune différence n’a été observée entre les groupes femmes. Ces résultats corrélationnels suggèrent que les profils de symptômes dans la schizophrénie montrent des phénotypes GM / WM uniques

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