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Cortica

Perspective

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Cortica II : Remue-méninges de la santé mentale

PRESENCE D’UNE PRÉDISPOSITION : PREMIER ÉPISODE D’UNE SÉRIE DE HUIT ÉPISODES SUR LE CERVEAU

DOI
https://doi.org/10.26034/cortica.2022.3344
Soumise
September 12, 2022
Publié-e
2022-09-20

Résumé

L’objectif du modèle PRESENCE est de mettre en lumière les connaissances sur le développement du cerveau au service des neurosciences de l’éducation. PRESENCE combine une exploration approfondie de l'organisation du cerveau avec une revue de la littérature et perspective théorico-pratique sur la façon dont il permet l'émergence d'états mentaux complexes. Habilement tissé ensemble, le résultat est une image unique du cerveau qui est enracinée dans la morphologie et le fonctionnement cellulaire par la prédisposition génétique/épigénétique, l’élagage synaptique, la neuroplasticité et la neurogenèse puis mise en mouvement par la dynamique des réseaux de neurones et leur synchronisation en passant par la conscience et le libre arbitre. PRESENCE est un modèle sur lequel le CAS en neuroscience de l’éducation s’est basé. Le premier épisode de cette série de huit épisodes nous fait voyager au cœur de la prédisposition génétique et épigénétique. Les connexions sont établies selon un plan génétiquement programmé mais leur maintien et leur qualité peuvent être largement régulés par l’activité neuronale et donc l’expérience. En intervenant auprès du jeune il faut garder à l’esprit le fait qu’on intervient auprès d’une structure cérébrale génétiquement et épigénétiquement complexe et imprévisible ; que nos interventions ont les capacités d’interagir avec cette structure et la modifier pour le meilleur ou pour le pire. Les études dans le domaine ainsi que les réflexions de l’auteure présentées dans cette mini-revue de la littérature mettent en lumière le rôle de l’environnent dans le tissage des réseaux de neurones de l’enfant. Tout particulièrement, les recherches en neurosciences soulignent l’impact de l’environnement dans le développement de l’Être en construction.

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